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A Hillary- and Sheryl-supporting Facebook friend posted the following:

Let’s let everyone talk about it – open up the HR files and voices. Women have higher IQs, more college degrees, higher grades, but when they join the workplace they are blocked from advancement, wages, credit, and impact… And the millennials according to several studies are far worse in accepting female tech talent than the baby boomers that are now over 65. Studies have shown that millennial men can’t fairly assess female talent. For example this HBR study.

The cited Harvard Business Review article:

The researchers found that male students systematically overestimated the knowledge of the men in their [college biology] classes in comparison with the women. Moreover, as the academic term progressed, the men’s faulty appraisal of their classmates’ abilities increased despite clear evidence of the women’s superior class performance. In every biology class examined, a man was considered the most renowned student — even when a woman had far better grades. In contrast, the female students surveyed did not show bias, accurately evaluating their fellow students based on performance.

In a 2014 survey of more than 2,000 U.S. adults, Harris Poll found that young men were less open to accepting women leaders than older men were. Only 41% of Millennial men were comfortable with women engineers, compared to 65% of men 65 or older. Likewise, only 43% of Millennial men were comfortable with women being U.S. senators, compared to 64% of Americans overall. (The numbers were 39% versus 61% for women being CEOs of Fortune 500 companies, and 35% versus 57% for president of the United States.)

If women have “higher IQs, more college degrees, higher grades” and these things can translate into effective higher performance at work, why don’t working-age men recognize this?

Could it be that the women with the highest IQs are not in the workforce at all? “Why Women Are Leaving the Workforce in Record Numbers,” (Fiscal Times, April 17, 2013):

A recent study by Joni Hersch, professor at Vanderbilt Law School, makes that case. She looks at female graduates of our top universities – those presumably who have the best shot at shattering the glass ceiling – and finds that once they have children, they are more likely to quit their jobs than are women who graduated from less selective schools. … Perhaps most astonishing is that only 35 percent of women who have earned MBAs after getting a bachelor’s degree from a top school are working full time, compared to 66 percent from second-tier schools.”

If we assume that high IQ+good grades leads to “top school,” it would seem that the women who do best in school are the least attached to the U.S. labor force. So men could have a low opinion of women in the workplace because the best women have figured out “The cash that comes from selling your labour is vulgar and unacceptable for a gentle[wo]man … for wages are effectively the bonds of slavery.” (Cicero) But this can’t explain why men underestimate the performance of their female peers in biology classes.

What about changes in public policy? The HBR study compares men over 65 with their Millennial brothers. Men over 65 grew up in an Equal Opportunity (no discrimination) legal environment. Millennials grew up in an Affirmative Action (“positive discrimination”) environment.

How about changes in media coverage? Men over 65 weren’t exposed to a lot of articles celebrating women for simple achievements (see Are women the new children?). Maybe all of the do-gooders trying to help women by cheerleading are convincing men that women are actually intellectually inferior? Millennials have grown up in an environment where adult women are regularly celebrated for things that 12-year-old boys can do. Wouldn’t this tend to give them the idea that adult women aren’t competitive with adult men?

What about simple organized resistance by privileged white males? They recognize that women are superior and therefore, to preserve their unearned dominance, collude to exclude women from the workplace. This seems tough to square with the fact that the privileged white males welcomed Asian male coworkers (for example, Google, the “Uber standard” of chauvinism, has an Indian CEO). Why would white men allow themselves to be unseated by non-white men but object to being unseated by white non-men?

Idea to test this last theory: do partnerships and male-owned closely held companies hire and promote women at a higher rate than do public corporations and government? A prejudiced manager at a big company or government agency, for example, can preferentially hire less qualified people without suffering any immediate personal reduction in pay. A prejudiced partner or business owner, however, has to pay for any prejudiced hiring decision with lower earnings. (Ellen Pao, of course, was alleging that the Kleiner Perkins partners wanted to make themselves poorer by discriminating against her due to her gender ID.)

[Anecdotal data: As an owner-manager of a small software company I promoted a higher percentage of the female developers to management. I found that the women were more likely to listen to customers and end-users and work toward meeting customer needs as opposed to doing stuff that a programmer might consider “cool,” but that a customer or end-user wouldn’t be able to notice. The women were not necessarily the most experienced, productive, or accomplished software developers per se, but they were, in my opinion at the time, more likely to be effective in the management role than their male peers.]

Readers: How to explain the fact that younger men, who’ve been exposed to a lot more gender equality propaganda, have a lower opinion of women than do older men?

[Separately, I think the post shows at least one gender difference. James Damore, who identifies as a man (as far as I know), cited social science suggesting that men might be more likely to be attracted to the dreary solitary coding jobs that Silicon Valley offers. He was ostracized for his heresy. My Facebook friend, who identifies as a woman, cited social science suggesting that women are more intelligent than men, better educated, and thus better suited to almost every kind of job. Her posting garnered roughly 50 “likes”.]

Related (Department of “The Science is Settled”):

• Women in 4 out of 5 countries surveyed out-score men by 0.5 to 1.5 points (Psychology Today, July 2012)
• “Why Women Are Smarter Than Men” (Forbes, June 2016); women have equal IQs but much higher emotional intelligence. [Just imagine how likely Forbes would have been to publish this piece if the author’s conclusion had been “Despite equal IQs, men are smarter than women overall.”]
• Professor Dimitri van der Linden, of Erasmus University in Rotterdam, said: “We found that the average IQ of men was about four points above that of women. (Express, July 2, 2017)

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“‘Hypocrite preaching feminist ideals’: Director Joss Whedon’s ex-wife accuses him of cheating” (Washington Post) is a good companion to the sexless marriage post today.

Many applauded him for being a champion of women, a feminist in an industry accused of misogyny and sexism.

That image was challenged by his ex-wife Kai Cole, who wrote an essay in a Hollywood industry blog called the Wrap Sunday accusing him of serially cheating during their 16-year marriage and calling him a “hypocrite preaching feminist ideals.”

“I want to let women know that he is not who he pretends to be,” Cole wrote. “I want the people who worship him to know he is human, and the organizations giving him awards for his feminist work, to think twice in the future about honoring a man who does not practice what he preaches.”

Whedon first gained fame in 1996 when he created the fantasy series “Buffy the Vampire Slayer,” … The show and Whedon were lauded for their feminist message.

Women’s rights group Equality Now gave him an award “for his courageous support of women’s right’s” in 2006.

Plainly these two California family court litigants are no longer best friends. However, how can a cheating heterosexual husband be a “feminist” issue? If both the spouse and the extramarital sexual partners identified as “women,” couldn’t it just as easily be characterized as a conflict among women? (see Wikipedia on female intrasexual competition) What is the specific feminist principle that Mr. Whedon might have violated?

Disclaimer: I have not seen Buffer the Vampire Slayer and had never heard of this guy until this article was emailed to me.

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Audible has an included-for-subscribers (a.k.a. “free”) 30-minute piece titled “Sexlessness” where you can listen in on a therapy session run by Esther Perel. This is part a series; see “Esther Perel Lets Us Listen In on Couples’ Secrets” (New Yorker).

The young-by-my-standards couple in this episode met on the Indian dating site Shaadi.com (my local Indian-American friends knew all about this), though they sound American-born. The wife is a physician and uninterested in sex with the husband except for procreation (trying to have a second kid at the time of the session). Otherwise the two adults seem to be compatible and they’re happy with their joint child. Worth listening if you’ve never been married and simply assumed that married people have sex with each other.

As an MIT undergraduate, I took a class led by Evsey Domar, an economics professor who told us assembled youngsters (juniors, seniors, beginning grad students) that romantic love was a bad deal because “you’re giving someone else monopoly power over your happiness.” He was also down on the idea of marriage because you put yourself into a situation where there is only one supplier of love, thus wreaking havoc with the Econ 101 supply and demand curves we’d studied a couple of years earlier. As a 17-year-old I didn’t appreciate that he might have been using “love” as a euphemism for “sex.”

Assuming that Domar was speaking elliptically, here’s an alternative formulation that I’ve heard: “Food and sex are both human needs, right? Would you sign a contract with a local restaurant that you’ll eat every meal there for the rest of your life, regardless of the quality of the meals, the hours of the restaurant, or even if the restaurant decides to close? If not, why would you agree to get married?”

Some recent female statements on married-with-kids life:

• “I don’t know anyone would get married,” physician-wife in suburban New Jersey, apparently happily married with kids 8 and 10
• “I can’t for the life of me understand why anyone would want to spend years voluntarily sharing his life with a woman,” business executive-wife in Texas, definitely happily married with 4 kids. She also has a comprehensive theory of marital happiness: “Women make demands of men for various reasons. If you meet too few demands, the woman leaves you. There are men who attempt to too many demands. The problem it’s that the goal line keeps moving further away. To meet every demand, you have to become totally emasculated and controlled by the wife and children. Then the wife learns to loathe you, and she leaves saying you aren’t the man she initially was attracted to. … my husband’s “line” of meeting just enough demands infuriates me. And infuriating women just enough seems to be the key to creating and sustaining sexual attraction. “

The corresponding male perspective?

• “We’re like two co-workers in a daycare center who occasionally have sex in a closet.”

Circling back to Esther Perel and her Audible series…. There is no way to know if her therapy is effective, but it is interesting to hear the discussion and maybe the entire series should be required listening for anyone contemplating marriage. The FAA makes a pilot learn about the causes of accidents before he or she can get a certificate. Maybe it would be good for engaged couples to study marriages that go in unexpected directions and this series is certainly an easy way to do that.

Related:

• Real World Divorce (when the lawyers take over from the therapists)

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Our neighbors who are passionate on the topic of climate change are packing up their pavement-melting SUVs to drive their “strong and independent” children to college (where mom and/or dad will unload, unpack, plug in the toaster oven, etc.), then return home to work like slaves to pay for what formerly would have been learned in high school. Let’s assume that 18-22-year-olds who’ve had $500,000 of K-12 education (at taxpayer expense) are not capable of getting themselves to college, so the parents must do the drive. Is it obvious that the parents also have to pay?

A software engineer with middle-school-age children told me that he spends every dime that he earns, immediately selling stock when it is issued to him, for example. “The way that college financial aid is structured, it doesn’t make sense to save unless you’re earning more than hundreds of thousands of dollars per year. Your kids’ colleges will take any savings.”

“Can Married Students Get More Financial Aid Money?” (the nest) says

If you were considered a dependent student — your parents’ financial information was required on the financial aid application — before you tied the knot, that has changed. Married students become financially independent overnight as far as federal student aid is concerned.

as a married student, a higher amount of your assets are protected than with a non-married student. Your EFC will be based on your combined income, assets and student status.

Consider two 18-year-olds. They are starting college next month. Both come from families with $250,000-per-year in combined parental income and are therefore ineligible for a discount off the absurd “rack rates” that colleges post: they don’t have any “need” so they aren’t entitled to “need-based financial aid.” Why don’t they fly to Las Vegas this weekend, get married, tell their colleges that their situation has changed and now they want their financial aid recalculated? At Harvard, they would now be a “family earning less than $65,000” and therefore would get entirely free tuition, fees, room, and board (source).

How challenging would it be to find a mate? There does not seem to be any requirement that they attend the same college or live together. There is no requirement that they be of opposite sexes. So a male college student could marry another male and thus be assured of no liability for child support in the event that his spouse became pregnant at a fraternity event (in at least Massachusetts, children conceived during a marriage generate a 23-year child support entitlement for a plaintiff parent even if the defendant parent was not involved sexually or biologically). After college, or if one of them starts earning big $$, the happy couple takes advantage of the no-fault divorce laws (maybe spend a semester abroad in a European country where it can be done administratively without going to court; or go back to Vegas for a $199 divorce).

There are a lot of families liquidating their savings to pay for college, so I’m thinking that the above plan might not work, but I can’t figure out the flaw. (Of course, for some Americans the idea of marriage has a religious component and they wouldn’t be interested in this procedure for saving $200,000+)

[In this country with the world’s highest proportion of children who don’t live with two parents and therefore with the highest percentage of adults who are entitled by a court order to get child support cash from another adult, one complicating factor in the above plan is that a child’s marriage may result in the loss of the child support cashflow as the marriage makes the child “emancipated.” This can be an important factor in states where children can generate revenue beyond age 18.]

Readers: In our era of colleges shaking parents upside-down for cash while simultaneously offering a free ride to those with the correct paperwork profile, why don’t we see more marriages to form new zero-income “families” for financial aid calculation?

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The fly-in, fly-out eclipse-viewing idea (previous post) ended up working reasonably well. Here are some lessons learned from our August 21, 2017 trip…

For viewing the eclipse per se, Celestron EclipSmart 10×42 binoculars were amazing during the partial phase. I lent them out to kids from age 5 up and they just loved them, as did their parents. (Kids were also great at finding the sun through the binoculars, something that eluded most adults, including me!) Totality was enhanced with Zeiss 8×42 Victory binoculars. A camping pad and pillow were helpful for comfortable viewing, though probably tripod-mounted binoculars would be better and, of course, a telescope with equatorial mount is the gold standard (Charles Edward Marsden, an amateur astronomer visiting KSRB (see below), was kind enough to let us look through his rig during the partial phases).

On to the aviation stuff…

Round-the-world hero pilot Matt Guthmiller took his Bonanza down to Tennessee, dropped a passenger, and then treated himself and four passengers to the view from 11,500′ with 24 additional seconds of totality. His advice is to fly as high as practical: “Less traffic, less worry about clouds, above 10,000 MSL with TCAS and talking to approach don’t have to worry as much about everybody else doing the same thing.” The dropped-off passenger was David Spiegel (Instagram: d_spiegel), who made this photo from the ground:

How about using an aircraft to skip out on the $2,000/night motels and traffic jams but still view from the ground? Except maybe for airports close to California, it is virtually impossible to max out an airport’s capacity for parking. Airports with multiple runways occupy so much area that, as long as you’re willing to park on the grass, there is always space. We landed at one of a handful of idiot-proof airports (long runway; precision approaches) within the clearest forecast band in the eastern half of the U.S. Ramp space was by reservation and did fill up a week in advance, but pilots of singles and light twins were invited to park in the grass on the other side of the runway “at their discretion” via a recording on the ASOS.

We started planning on July 12, using a Google Doc (shared in case it is helpful or interesting). We got serious around August 10 when weather forecasts first began to cover August 21 and then contacted a bunch more airports on August 15. We made the near-final “where to go decision” after 8 pm Eastern the night before (new aviation weather comes out at 0Z, 6Z, 12Z, and 18Z; the cloud forecasts are at 3-hour intervals) and confirmed the next morning. We started out thinking that Clarksville, TN would be the likely destination, then shifted to South Carolina (a little closer to us), then shifted back towards eastern Tennessee.

In retrospect, none of this would have been necessary in a four-seat or six-seat airplane. A pilot willing to land on a 3000′ runway would find a huge selection of airports within any weather band. For a jet that needs to stay on pavement or a plane that takes up a lot of space, such as the Pilatus PC-12, it does make sense to make reservations. None of our friends with light airplanes had any trouble landing last-minute in South Carolina or Tennessee.

KSRB in Sparta, Tennessee provided a near-textbook example of how to run one of these events. They sold ramp space with non-refundable deposits. They invited the public to drive in and view from a field next to the ramp. Airport management set up porta potties, brought in a DJ and a food truck, etc. PAX and crew who arrived airside were given wristbands that allowed them to transition freely between the public area and the ramp, packed with about 130 transient aircraft, moving tugs, a medevac Airbus H135 that went in and out a few times, etc. Folks who drove in had to stay off the ramp. We met a lot of quasi-local pilots as well as airborne families from Texas, Florida, and New York.

The airport added a huge complement of extra staff to drive “follow me” trucks, operate tugs, and pump fuel. We were parked and fueled within about 15 minutes after landing. The only thing that the airport could have done differently is ban APUs. It probably didn’t occur to the management that a NetJets Challenger (N726QS) and a G450 crew (N888XY; SexyJet), parked directly in front of the invited public, would run their APUs (crazy noisy small jet engines in the tail, used to generate electricity and run A/C when parked, then used to start the main engines) for hours. “What assholes,” commented one light aircraft pilot. “Douchebags,” said another. I figured “well, maybe the passengers are making them do this,” but then found that the NetJets customers had deplaned and were in lawn chairs near the terminal with their Havanese dog. In other words, the NetJets crew was running the APU for themselves. (The privately owned jets did not abuse their neighbors or the public in this manner. For example, a huge Falcon 900 (N874VT) showed up (loud!) taxied in, and did a complete and immediate shutdown once on the ramp.)

We were able to escape the noise inferno created by NetJets and SexyJet by walking about 1/2 mile to the piston side of the ramp, but the general public did not have this option: “The taxpaying citizens behind the fence are the actual owners of the airport,” said one pilot. “It is like NetJets coming into your house and pissing on the floor.” [Update: A friend who owns an FBO read the above and said “Those NetJets guys do that all the time. They run the APU for hours. They don’t care.” Note that NetJets is owned by Warren Buffet.]

Landing was a little scary for pilots accustomed to busy towered airports or sleepy nontowered airports. The volume of landing traffic in the three hours prior to the eclipse was at times similar to the busiest towered U.S. airports, but with pilots responsible to figure out who else was in the pattern. This on a UNICOM frequency shared with other nearby (and busy) airports. There was a mix of jets with pro crews, experimental (home-built) taildraggers, and boring family airplanes. What kept this reasonably safe is that the airport managers broadcast a “please use Runway 4” on the ASOS. That kept everyone landing in the same direction. And then there are a lot of conventions for traffic patterns published in the FAA’s Aeronautical Information Manual, which every student pilot reads carefully.

NetJets and SexyJet shut down their APUs during totality, which enabled everyone to hear the crowd cheering. For the true Zen experience it would probably be worth trying to get to a wilderness area (in the U.S., anything more than a 1-mile walk from a road!), but I enjoyed being with enthusiastic people and, especially, so many children who were awestruck.

After totality ended, pilots literally fled. The first airplane departed just a few seconds after totality ended. I.e., they had started up before the end of totality. Two more were waiting. There were departures every 30 seconds during the partial eclipse that followed totality. We waited until the end of the eclipse, waited behind three other airplanes, and departed without any conflicts with other aircraft. The airport positioned a couple of spotters near the runway to call out on the radio that they were not observing any landing traffic. (Only an FAA tower controller can clear an aircraft for takeoff so these guys were providing information to pilots, not instructions.)

The FAA did not seem to have prepared in any way for the high traffic. Single controllers were working multiple frequencies, just as on an ordinary weekday. On arrival we were pressured to cancel IFR about 80 miles from the airport and, on the way out, were unable to get VFR advisories until more than 200 miles northeast.

Summary: Whenever a solar eclipse comes through the U.S., viewing is as easy as checking the weather a couple of days in advance and turning the key on a Cessna, Cirrus, or Piper. Not a pilot yet? You have nearly seven years to get your certificate before the April 8, 2024 eclipse. If the weather is clear this will be awesome for folks in the Northeast. The moon’s shadow goes right over Niagara Falls, Burlington, Vermont, and Moosehead Lake in Maine. One idea: Plattsburgh.

More:

• a video made by of the SRB airport during totality (credit: Isaac Kohane)
• photos by me and Zak (I took very few on the theory that I should be listening and learning during my first total eclipse rather than fiddling with cameras and trying to out-do the professional astrophotographers with a subject that admits of no compositional creativity)
• Inspiration to watch the eclipse on August 21
• Did you see the Eclipse? How was it?

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“Treasury Ends Obama-Era Retirement Savings Plan” (nytimes):

An Obama-era program that created savings accounts to help more people put away money for retirement is being shut down by the Treasury Department, which deemed the program too expensive.

The 30,000 participants in the program, known as myRA and intended for people who did not have access to workplace savings plans, were sent an email on Friday morning alerting them of the closing.

President Barack Obama ordered the creation of the so-called starter accounts three years ago, and they became available at the end of 2015. Since then, about 20,000 accounts have been opened, with participants contributing a total of $34 million, according to the Treasury; the median account balance was $500.

The program has cost $70 million since 2014, according to the Treasury, and would cost $10 million a year in the future.

So it cost $3,500 per customer to administer a $500 account? And it was going to cost $950 per year going forward to hold onto $500?

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Here’s a fun New York Times article showing an imperial minister’s wife getting out of what seems to be a taxpayer-funded Gulfstream G550 (7 oval windows minus 2 = basic model number for the new series). The article doesn’t explain why someone would want to take a free Gulfstream trip to Kentucky on August 21, 2017, but I am going to guess this was eclipse-related.

As a measure of how times have changed, below is a photo of President Eisenhower’s short-hop Air Force One, an Aero Commander 500.

The twin-piston Aero Commander had a value of about $53,000 in 1962 (classified ad in December 1962 Flying). That’s about $432,000 today, about 1/100th the value of a Gulfstream G550 or 1/10,000th the cost of the latest B747-based Air Force One program.

Related:

• Aero Commanders for sale on Controller
• Shopping list: four helicopters, but don’t spend more than $1.24 billion
• My Christmas Present to Barack Obama (I offer to save taxpayers $1 billion/year by providing Presidential helicopter transportation at my personal expense)

 

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Dear Readers:

Happy Eclipse Day!

Did you see it? If so, from where and what was it like?

Thanks in advance for comments.

Philip

[Update: After about two weeks of planning and a week of watching cloud forecasts, we flew to KSRB, the Upper Cumberland Regional Airport, in Sparta, Tennessee. The sky was clear for totality and there were just a few clouds passing in front of the partial eclipse, which added interest. They never ran out of grass parking for light aircraft. The pattern was a little crazy for landing, with planes landing every minute or so up right up until the first moments of totality. Then there was a mad rush to take off, with some planes that must actually have started up before totality was over. We waited until the eclipse was completely over and departed behind about four other airplanes (no wake turbulence issues with little airplanes, so departures were every 15-30 seconds). Air Traffic Control was completely unprepared for the event, with single controllers working multiple frequencies per usually. Requests for VFR advisories were denied within about 200 miles of the eclipse path.]

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Part of the software expert witness’s job is delving into computer science history. Sometimes the most efficient way to do this is to go to the library and browse among the books (sadly MIT seems to be archiving anything that doesn’t relate to C, Java, or Big Data; books on our home-grown MULTICS operating system are now banished, for example). My note-taking technique is to use my iPhone 7 Plus as a copier: open book, snap photo, turn page, snap photo, put book back on shelf. When I get home I find that a lot of these photos are upside-down. If there is nothing in the photo except for a book page and there is nothing on the book page except for Roman characters, why isn’t the software smart enough to orient the JPEG file correctly?

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Some folks a scheduled “Free Speech” rally in Boston today. This was characterized by “counter-protesters” (not sure the term is apt, given that the Free Speechers may not have been “protesting”) as Nazi-oriented, hate-oriented, racism-oriented, and/or white supremacist. Here’s my IM exchange with a friend who attended:

• How was the rally? How many Nazis showed up?
• dunno. i think just a few dozen people showed up for the whole rally (vs. about 10,000 counter-protesters), but i never saw them. being in a large crowd is not necessarily the best way to know what’s happening at an event

In other words, my friend was protesting people whom he never saw and opposing ideas that he never heard expressed.

As a reenactment of the Nuremberg Rally, it seems as though Boston was a bit short on Nazis.

It is interesting to me that nobody seems to care what the purported Nazis had to say. A New York Times article on the rally provides detail on the “counter-protesters”. There were about 40,000 of them in Boston and their mission was “to denounce racism, white supremacy and Nazism.” They “shouted down their opponents.” But there was no reporting on the number of Nazis and no detail on what they said before they were shouted down.

Shiva Ayyadurai, the inventor of email, was quoted briefly, but no other speaker is even mentioned. (Ayyadurai is running for U.S. Senate against Elizabeth Warren, a race that an MIT friend characterizes as “Indian v. Indian.)

Readers: Did you find a source of information about the speeches that the “protesters” gave? If so, please share!

[Separately, I’m wondering if we run short of Nazis whether some of the counter-protesters will step in to handle both sides of the altercations. Otherwise how can counter-protesters say “We fought against Nazis like those brave souls depicted in the Dunkirk movie”? Related phenomenon: In The Elements of Style, the authors noted that “another segment of society that has constructed a language of its own is business. … Its portentous nouns and verbs invest ordinary events with high adventure, executives walk among toner cartridges, caparisoned like knights. We should tolerate them–every person of spirit wants to ride a white horse. … A good many of the special words of business seem designed more to express the user’s dreams than to express a precise meaning.”]

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